Contents

• 1.1 ROTATIONAL MOULDING
• 1.2 ROTATIONAL MOULDING PROCESS
• CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
• 2.1 GENERAL STUDY
• 2.1.1 HISTORY
• 2.1.2 ABOUT ROTOMOULDING
• 2.2 LITERATURE STUDIED
• 2.2.1 SOFTWARE USED
• 2.2.2 LIST AND DESCRIPTION OF LITERATURE STUDIED
• CHAPTER 3: ANALYSING THE PROCESS
• 3.1 THE PROCESS
• 3.2 RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PROCESSING CONDITIONS AND PROPERTIES
• 3.3 KEY FACTORS
• 3.4 ROTATIONAL MOULDING MATERIALS
• 3.4.1 Desirable Characteristics
• 3.4.2 Range of Materials Available
• 3.5 COMPARISON TO OTHER PROCESSES AND MARKET TREND
• CHAPTER 4: DESIGN
• 4.1 PRELIMINARY DESIGN
• 4.2 DESIGN CALCULATIONS
• 4.3 FINAL DESIGN
• 4.3.1 WORKING OF THE MODEL
• 4.3.2 ENGINEERING DRAWINGS
• CHAPTER 5: DESCRIPTION AND FABRICATION
• 5.1 DESCRIPTION AND FABRICATION OF THE MACHINE ELEMENTS
• 5.2 OVEN SELECTION
• 5.2.1 DESIGN OF THE OVEN
• 5.2.2 INSULATION
• 5.2.3 HEATING ELEMENT
• CHAPTER 6: EXPERIMENTATION
• 6.1 MATERIAL USED AND PROCEDURE FOLLOWED
• 6.1.1 PROPERTIES OF PVC
• 6.2 SAMPLES PRODUCED
• CHAPTER 7: DISCUSSION
• 7.1 GENERAL DISCUSSION
• 7.2 MAJOR CHALLENGES FACED DURING THE PROJECT
• CHAPTER 8: RESULT AND CONCLUSION
• 8.1 OPTIMIZATION THROUGH HIT AND TRIAL
• 8.2 OPTIMIZED PROCESS PARAMETERS FOR PVC
• CHAPTER 9: SCOPE OF FUTURE WORK
• 9.1 OPTIMIZATION BY PREDICTING ANTI OXIDANT COMPOSITION
• 9.2 DESIGN IMPROVEMENT
• 9.3 RPM SENSOR
• 9.4 SCOPE FOR AUTOMATION
• APPENDIX
• References

Description

Rotational moulding, also known as rotomoulding or rotocasting, is a process used for manufacturing hollow plastic products. [1] It is a nearly atmospheric pressure process that begins with fine powder and produces stress-free parts. Due to the absence of pressure, rotational moulds usually have thin walls and are relatively inexpensive to fabricate.
The process consists of introducing a known amount of plastic in powder, granular, or viscous liquid form into a hollow, shell-like mould. The mould is rotated and/or rocked about two principal axes at relatively low speeds as it is heated so that the plastic enclosed in the mould adheres to, and forms a monolithic layer against, the mould surface. In order to maintain desired shape and even thickness throughout the part, the mould continues to rotate during the cooling phase. When the plastic is sufficiently rigid, the cooling and mould rotation is stopped to allow the removal of the plastic product from the mould. [1]
Thermoplastic materials, typically polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polycarbonate and fluoropolymer are used for this process. Some of the most advanced work is being done with cross-linked polyethylene and even nylon.
Rotational moulding offers much in the way of design flexibility and scale of product, with products ranging from simple bulk storage containers to sophisticated automotive, medical, and aerospace applications. Small parts such as dolls’ heads can be made in the same manner as huge (80,000-litre) storage tanks are made. Also, modern and multi-armed machines allow multiple moulds of different size and shape to be run at the same time. Some other advantages include production of multilayer products; typically no material wastage; hollow parts made in one piece with no weld lines or joints.