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A few of the Essay and Assignment tackled on Information Technology (IT)
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| | Case study analysis Siemens Nixdorf & M&DDiv PolyProd | | | – “To exist is to change” goes a famous adage. And this would be the simplest and shortest explanation to describe how important the change factor is. Change affects different situations and different individuals differently. With changing patterns of technology and advancement, organisational change has come into the motion of big question to solve at organisational and corporate levels. Gone are the days when individuals could expect to work in the same business, under the same ownership, with the same people, and the same customer base for the whole of their life and career (Cook, et al, 2004)
Question now arises what this change is and why change has become so important? In laymen terms, Organisations are not same all time. This process of becoming different in order to transform to a new system can be defined as organisational change. In plain words, Change is a transformation where its source is past and can be forecast into the future.
Though change is often seen as good but it is often very difficult to change. As organisation (profit and non-profit) tends to change they often ignore impact of change on people and individuals working towards the organisation goals. Cameron & Green (2004) suggests that individual change is at the heart of everything that is achieved in organisation. Once individual has motivation to do something different; the whole world can begin to change. However, this story is not as simple. Individuals, teams and organisational responsibility all plays a part in the process to change, and leaders, particularly have onerous responsibility and that can be termed as “making it happen”
Roping in these complex phenomena of change and its impact on human resource; this report focus on theories and leadership change required to enforce the change process in organisations. To delve more into the practicality of the concept two case studies viz. Siemens and PolyProd, has been incorporated to explain in depth the problem and how and what organisation could do to bring upon the change to instil success towards the company growth. Finally, recommendations along with conclusion has been given following with a brief section of implementation plan.
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| | Analyse of the processes, Information System issues and opportunities in Wizcraft, India | | | Wizcraft is a leading name in brand activation and entertainment management industry today in India and the name popped-up from a unique union of their originators. WIZARD/WIZARDRY is a synonym of exceptional skill or accomplishment in a particular field or a person who is outstandingly gifted. At Wizcraft they define Wiz as “expertise with a touch of magic”. Meaning of Craft we all are aware of, but just to specify it is all about creating something with care and an eye for detail. To redefine the magic of these two words in their actual work they formed Wizcraft. A disk-jockey by profession, who used to be the life of major night clubs in metros, wanted to create some magic with his Wiz. And therefore each member of Wizcraft Team use a suffix to their names i.e. ‘Wiz’ a title that inspires them to have special talent (Shah, 2008).
It was formed in 1988 and today serves a huge list of 400 clients both domestic and international event management market successfully. With the greatest brand’s name in their list of clientele like Microsoft, IBM, Compaq, Samsung, Coca Cola, Pepsi, Sony Entertainment Television, Star TV, Nine Networks, Zee TV, MTV, Benson & Hedges, 555, Bacardi, Gillette and the entire gamut of film and entertainment industry, Wizcraft shares each and every happy moments of life – life of their customers and their team’s (Shah, 2008)
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| | Analysis of Process, Information Technology issues and Opportunities of ABC Consultants in India | | | ABC Consultants is India’s leading professional executive selection & recruitment firm, in terms of services offered, professional team, mandates handled, database size, sectoral specializations and geographical coverage.
Founded by Dr. B P Agrawal in 1969, ABC Consultants in the past four decades has been consultant to nearly 5000 organizations, including 80% of the top 500 Indian & multinational corporate. Since the start of liberalization of the Indian economy in the early 1990s, ABC Consultants has assisted more than 230 new multinationals in hiring senior & middle management professionals. In 2008-09, ABC handled over 5000 recruitment mandates. ABC’s network includes 9 offices in 7 major Indian cities and 2 offices in abroad, one each in London and Dubai. This gives us an unparalleled reach and ability to conduct pan India search for our clients.
Today ABC Consultants employ over 325 consultants who bring with them over 1600 person years of experience with large Indian & international companies. Joining ABC, not only do the consultants bring with them their invaluable industry knowledge, but also their industry contacts, awareness of industry trends, and sensitivity to current marketplace issues.
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| | Application of e-Business model to ticketing system in Bus transport of South India | | | This report deals and discusses about the government bus corporation called as State Express Transport Corporation (SETC) and its selling chain. SETC is basically a government based transport corporation which operates more than 900 buses in South India interconnecting 4 states. Here its selling chain in internet is discussed which is based on e ticketing to the passengers who are considered as the customers. Initially the current working procedure of SETC as a business function and e ticketing has been discussed. Then it reports the selling chain of SETC. It further continues its discussion about the development of the business function through its e ticketing process and its value prepositions to the customers. Value prepositions include the improvement in the web page of SETC for E ticketing process and its values to the customers and their convenience in planning their trip. The problems and recommendations are also been discussed at the final part of this paper | | |
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| | Application of e-CRM strategy for airline industry | | | The objective of this paper is to develop and implement e-CRM strategy for airline industry to develop better customer relationship. CRM has been a major issue of concern in the airline industry. It is well understood by the players in this industry that those airlines that can effectively attract, serve and retain the best customers will see significant positive effects on their profitability. The deeper the relationship the airline hold with the customers, the more opportunity there will be to sell additional products and services and thus increase profitability. | | |
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| | Application of e-CRM to Banks | | | This paper has been prepared to summarize the learning on Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and its implications in banking industry. Banking industry is growing very rapidly and so are the strategies and modes of reaching customer, serving them better, capturing new and retaining old customer. Banks have followed a number of such programs and procedures. Having realised need of CRM long back, banks have implemented CRM strategies but still more is to be done because of the present ever-changing world of Internet and technology. | | |
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| | Assignment on Data warehousing methodologies | | | Data warehousing serves a pivotal role in supporting both strategic and operational decision-making processes. Major goals of data warehousing includes providing access to corporate and organisation data, facilitating analytical information processing, efficient information retrieval and providing high quality information for decision making. In this essay, we will discuss the following methodologies and then compare them:
1) The NCR Data Warehousing Methodology.
2) The Kimball Methodology.
3) Bill Inmon Methodology.
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| | Assignment on Risk management in IT projects | | | ‘If you don’t manage risks, they will certainly manage you’, a maxim well said has lot to say in context with the management of projects in IT and in general also. Risk is something where some potential of going things wrong comes into the question. Taken lightly these risk factors can turn into havoc for your projects. Thus it is very important that a project manager should inlay risk management while planning for project. This will not only help him saving project from unexpected crises but also will improve the efficiency and productivity of project work as all are well prepared for any deviation from anticipated flow of results. Information Technology or more popularly known as IT is quite versatile and complex where the risks are more prone to occur. These uncertainties and risks are more to arise in IT sector as IT field is very unpredictable and hence lots of external and internal issues crops up into the midway of IT projects. A well planned project with all set targets may produce drastic results if risk assessment has not been considered into the project management schedule. Not only you loose your client with untimely delivery but you also loose a trust level and more often your competency level becomes more than a question. | | |
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| | Assignment on the topic of Advantages of online shopping | | | The purpose of this essay is to explain the advantages of shopping online compared to shopping offline. These advantages are considered in regard to convenience advantages, product selection, and price knowledge. It is argued that shopping online provides substantial advantages compared to traditional offline shopping. | | |
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| | Business modelling assignment | | | A model is developed for assessing the data processing and data flow efficiencies of information and decision-support systems that have several users. The quality of the data is examined by the model at several processing stages, including the data at time of collection, input, processing, and output. The model is especially adept at identifying points in the system where errors could occur, and at assigning magnitudes to the potential error locations identified. “The model developed employs recursive algorithms to trace processing flows backward in order to determine higher quality processing alternatives with lower error ratios” (Harold, 1985). A computer based model will allow to experiment in a safe environment. Models are expressed in a variety of ways. These include, verbal, algebraic, graphical and statistical. It does not matter which way they are expressed as long as the model is:
• Internally consistent - possesses a logical argument which is correct and contains no mathematical errors
• Elegant - possesses a simple structure
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| | Case study analysis – Amazon in Europe | | | This report is written to analyze the operations of Amazon.com with key focus on inventory management, process improvement, operations management, and adapting to changes in the competitive environment. Apart from having a broad overview on the position of Amazon in the global market, a special focus is given to its operations in the European market. Amazon identified UK and Germany as their key primary markets in Europe and thus modified its activities accordingly to suit the needs of the local people. An attempt has been made to look at the several challenges that Amazon faced in Europe and what steps it took to overcome those challenges. Amazon’s inventory management strategies have been closely looked at with key emphasis on the role of outsourcing. Finally, the conclusion has been made that inspite of all the challenges and drawbacks, Amazon has emerged as a biggest book, music and video retailer on the Internet and thereby offering more than 4.7 million books, videos, music CD’s, DVD’s, computer games and other products. | | |
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| | Case study analysis on IT Alignment in the World bank | | | This paper addresses the aspect of alignment between Information Technology (IT) and the World Bank. The business strategies with regard to this alignment are analyzed carefully and at large. Besides, the new aims and objectives focused by the Word Bank are also described in the paper. By and large, the paper focuses on the IT-World Bank alignment and the strategies for its success. It evaluates the effectiveness of the various IT applications adopted by the World Bank. In this context, the functionalities and responsibilities of the Global Information and Communication Technologies - the significant section of the World Bank responsible for its various projects - are also analyzed with examples with regard to the effectiveness of this IT-business alignment of the World Bank | | |
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| | Compare and contrast of the traditional and object-oriented approaches to systems development | | | It has been observed that many discussions were held on the use of object-oriented analysis and design over the traditional structured system analysis and design. While the use of object oriented analysis and design methodology is justified in many cases, in some cases it may be inappropriate and we should consider the use of the traditional structured analysis methodology in the system development. This essay attempts to clarify the use of these two methodologies, to compare and contrast of each and to make recommendations. | | |
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| | Comparison of the websites of Amazon and W H Smith on the criteria of Core Identity, Extended Identity, Value Proposition and Relationship | | | Brand identity is the promise given by the company to the consumer about the value addition of the product to the consumer’s well being and life in general (Olins, 1989). Brand identity is a set of associations that the company wishes that the customer identifies with (Aaker, 1995). These associations represent as to what the brand stands for from the perspective of the customer. In other words, brand identity is the promise given by not just the company but also the members of the brand to the customer about its use in customer’s life. To create or maintain brand identity is to define core values of the brand, what the brand stands for, how the brand wishes to be perceived by the customers, what personality traits the brand represents and finally the relationship of the brand with the customer (Holt, 2004). For example, a brand such as toothpaste has a regular daily relationship with the customer. The toothpaste is so interwoven in a person’s life that it becomes an identity for the customer himself of herself. We all know that we prefer only a certain brands or brand of toothpaste to be precise, to use everyday. The brand can also be of emotional value to the customer. So the brand identity of toothpaste is the freshness of breath, taste, packaging and the health benefits of using it such as healthy gums and sparkling teeth. Brand strategists normally plan as to what the brand needs to stand for. Some of the brands might project a specific life style, health, well being benefits, while some other brands might project cost benefits and other value additions to the user’s life. Amazon UK and WH Smith are two of the largest books, CDs, electronics and other consumer items stores in the UK. Both have online as well ad brick and mortar stores. The functionality and the product catalogue of both the brands are similar. However, the brand identity planned for these two stores by their brand strategists could be different. This report analyses the web sites or online stores of both the brands to study the brand identity projected by the two companies and on how they differ in core identity, extended identity, value proposition and relationships. The paper analyses the strength and weaknesses of the two brands with the help of these criteria. The paper finally recommends this brand to improvise upon the areas that need to be improved. | | |
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| | Comprehensive report on practical applicability of Internet marketing using the case study of bestphonedeals.com | | | Internet Marketing or Online marketing is a fascinating term which has evolved tremendously over the past decade. It is just like a traditional marketing but the difference is that it is entirely on net. So, it would not be wrong to say that it applies fundamentals of conventional marketing with internet mixing techniques. Where it goes on same rules as traditional means such as to be visible, to be known among masses to sell more and more, on the other hand it uses internet technique to achieve these targets. These are called internet marketing techniques. Other aliases of Internet marketing are online marketing, web marketing, e-marketing.
When a company sells online, it ensures that its online shop (website) is known to people and higher numbers of visitors are coming to it. In this pursuit for most of the business owners internet marketing is all about generating more and more web traffic and good search engine (like Google, yahoo, AltaVista etc) ranking. Some top and accredit internet marketing tools can be described as Search Engine Optimization (SEO), Search Engine Marketing (SEM), Affiliate Marketing, Banner Ads, Link Exchange, Keywords and meta tags orientation, Blogs, Pay-per-click etc.
BestPhoneDeals.com is a service provider company which sells home phone, cheap phone deals, mobile phone deals, broadband and internet from Telecommunication Company like TPG and Soul. This report is an exploratory study about associated facets of internet marketing in context to practical applicability through case study of www.bestphonedeals.com
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| | Comprehensive Review report of IT/IS practices of IKEA | | | The report has been prepared for IKEA to review its current uses of IS/IT in their operations, critique their IS/IT management practices and recommend new changes and possible initiatives that would improve its business performance. The report starts by presenting a clear picture of the lacunae in the company’s operations and IS/IT management practices. These have been viewed as a human activity system rather than as a mechanical operation. It has been found that IKEA sticks to traditional methods in order to reaffirm its unique identity; but this stance needs to be changed at the following levels- Customer Service, Marketing Strategies, and Internal Organisation. For this purpose, IKEA has been viewed from an external customer’s aspect as well as an employee’s internal aspect. Its CATWOEs have been discussed to arrive at a concrete picture of the areas that need amendments. IKEA has been thoroughly analysed through a study of its organisational culture and attitude towards IS/IT practices. A SWOT analysis of the company has also been undertaken. According to the conclusions from these analysis, an IS vision has been developed for IKEA. It has been supported by IT architecture. Need of more and better machinery and software has been emphasised. Training of the personnel and modifying the work environment has been appropriately discussed. IS Strategic Plan has been included in the report to make this vision and architecture a reality. Lastly, recommendations have been summarised in the Wiseman’s framework. We wish IKEA all the best in all its future endeavours. | | |
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| | Critical examination of the impacts of Virtual Communication Environments on our communication practices in relation to social networking sites | | | This essay will critically examine the impacts and impediments of virtual communication in our lives. It will through light on various spheres of present virtual communication scenario. There is an in depth analysis of various means that mediates virtual communication. This essay will also develop further ideas of scope of communication and demonstrate it through examples. | | |
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| | Design of Manufacturing strategy for Aylesford Newsprint, UK | | | The success of a manufacturing industry depends mainly on the external environment such as the demand for goods in the industry and the availability of raw materials required manufacturing the good. A manufacturing facility with the latest technology, equipment, expertise, is prerequisite for any manufacturing activity. There are too many factors that determine the success or otherwise of a manufacturing firm. A production process unit involves several operations such as purchase management, production management, quality management, facilities management, logistics, distribution channels, configuration management etc.. Manufacturing is quite an involved process that needs the coordination among all these departments. The manufacturing process starts from procurement of raw materials and processing the raw material to make a finished good. It is the technology that is of importance in the production process. If all other operations of a company are characterized by management skills and require highly managerial skills to carry out the tasks efficiently such as logistics management, the production process requires high degree of technical and engineering skills than mere management skills. Production is in the area of production process that all the engineering and scientific skills are applied to practice. If all other sections of a manufacturing industry can be thought of as purely managerial activities, production and quality control involve a lot of engineering and scientific activities than mere managerial activities. Aylesford has an efficient distributor system, but an online ordering system using payment gateways over the phone or emails. No doubt the company website has exhaustive information of the company and its products, online ordering system would add more brand value to the company. Therefore the paper recommends Aylesford to have an online transaction system to add more value to its already efficient offline ordering process.. The company can enhance the quality of all its operations by installing ERP or Enterprise Resource Planning software that enables integration of all the processes of the organization and brings them into a central database and central control system. The company can invest in such value addition which greatly integrates all the operations that were hitherto functioning individually. A software application such as ERP would greatly improve monitoring and control of processes thereby ensuring efficient operations. | | |
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| | Designing a business model and web strategy assignment on InfoInc | | | The report aims to design a strategy for InfoInc, an entrepreneurial initiative aimed at providing information in specialized fields. The first field it is targeting is that of accounts and taxation. For the same it is targeting general public and professionals in the field. To device a business strategy for the same, research has been done on the strategy followed by various other dotcoms, expert opinion on it.
Not only have success stories been researched, effort has been made to identify reasons of failure to steer clear of them. For this interviews of marketing and internet Gurus like Kotler and Tapscott have been referred to. The report dwells on the various aspects of a business and takes examples from other successful sites to derive its winning strategy.
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| | Dissertation on the topic - influence of technology and specially internet in our business activities or how we do business today. | | | The research work emphasizes on the influence of technology and specially internet in our business activities or how we do business today. Technology has been a significant influence in changing the business environment across the world and the global boarders have shrink in. It is directly related to level of the operational activity as well as growth of the business and economy of a country at a macro level. One of the diverse aspects of technology at the present day is prevalent use of internet by masses, be it individual or organizational and at the same time increased demand of innovation by consumers. Today consumer preferences are fast delivery, innovativeness of products, one stop shop for a global product range with a reduced cost. Market segmentation has become more of a Geographical segmentation. Research further evaluates that competition is increasing in the market and its imperative for manufactures to understand consumer buying behavior in depth and influential role of technology. Internet plays a very important role in creating a brand image of the business within the market, easy accessibility and quick delivery. The need for high preference to technological intervention and extensive use of internet options in business is therefore highlighted for companies that want to not only retain their market but take positive steps to increase their market share. Saying this it is not such an easy task. For years, the globe and especially developing nations all across, have become used to legacy systems and traditional work barriers. It is all the time not an easy exercise to implement change in society, especially, when the change is at a large level. Any change management principles are difficult to implement as there comes a lot of acceptance problem. Implementation of technology and its supremacy in terms of growth and expansion in a society, which could develop mankind, society and culture as a whole, also face a lot of obstacles in its way. These obstacles could be of any shape, size and character. In the project below we see the legacy system with its drawback, we have realized the need to change and implementation of technology in a business environment as that is the liquidity injection machine, and we have seen how the entire idea is faced with multi-faceted obstacles. The most important objective for any society, culture and organization to even think to incorporate change in their system, is control of wastage - wastage of liquidity, energy, manpower, infrastructure, time to name a few. The other objective becomes, increasing the horizon of operation or increase of market share. The influence of globalization in such an idea of technological changes acts strongly without ignore the vintage systems; rather old getting clubbed-up with the contemporary, can create new history. The objective of this project is the identify obstacles and evaluating them, at the same time, work out mechanisms to overcome them, to look at larger changes in our business environment and society as a whole. | | |
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| | Dissertation on the topic - Virtual Banking: A study analyzing the future of Retail banking in New Zealand | | | Virtual banking can be basically defined as a bank which does not have a physical location. It is a bank which only conducts business online, either using a phone or a computer. In this particular research, the author presents information on how the virtual banking concept is spreading all over the world and how more and more banks are adopting the virtual banking concept to reduce their operating cost and to provide better service to their customers.
The research also provides detailed information on the various tools which a bank can adopt in order to move its retail banking business to virtual bank. It also gives detailed information on the various software development companies which are providing software solutions for most of the virtual banks around the world.
In a place like New Zealand, where 99% of its population is literate and around 70-80 percent of its population uses internet, virtual banking is bound to be a success story.
This research will be valuable to the following type of companies
1) Banks that are willing to move from real to virtual world in order to reduce their expenses and secondly, to provide exceptional anywhere banking facilities to customers.
2) It will also be beneficial to software development companies as the research will give them an insight into the banking habits of the people living in New Zealand.
3) International companies providing and developing this type of virtual banking software will also benefit as the research provides detailed information about the companies and the kind of software they are providing.
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| | Dissertation on the Use of Internet Return on Investment (ROI) as a tool to measure their internet marketing effectiveness | | | Online marketing is the latest tool in the marketing efforts of an organization. Online applications are aimed at achieving marketing goals of organizations. Online marketing is becoming one of the most effective marketing channels in the recent years. While some companies realize the importance of having online presence to the growth of their business, there are many companies that invest in online infrastructure just not be left behind without realizing what the online presence can do to achieve the overall objectives of the company. It is a common belief that online marketing allows for easier measurement of outcomes of marketing efforts due to data intensive methods that normally constitute the online infrastructure. However, if the data thus obtained is not used effectively with the help of online marketing measurement tools then the data in itself cannot produce meaningful derivations on the performance of the website or online transactional application. One of the marketing measurement techniques used in measuring effectiveness of online marketing is marketing ROI or internet ROI. Online marketing ROI along with an efficient performance of the website should provide fairly accurate measurement of online marketing effectiveness. However, not many organizations are keen in measuring website effectiveness although, they might be using internet ROI as the sole measurement criteria to ascertain the success or otherwise of the online presence. Marketing audit using internet ROI serves the purpose of knowing the realization of tangible benefits of the online marketing efforts but they fail to measure intangible benefits such as creation and enhancement of brand value. Internet marketing ROI is single dimensional and does not take into account intangible benefits of the marketing efforts such as creation and enhancement of brand value, purchase intent etc. Banking is one of the first few industries that experimented with online marketing. Traditional banking system of late, has made way for online banking in a big way. The technological developments in E-banking or E-commerce have grown to such an extent in the past couple of decades that the banks might lose the customer base to competitors if they do not have an efficient and effective online presence. These days the customers expect efficiency of an online merchandising of the bank and the safety of online transactions devoid of any fraudulent activities. This dissertation discusses the operations of the three banks viz., Barclays Bank UK, Bank of Scotland and Triodos Bank and their online banking systems. While Barclays Bank and the Bank of Scotland have efficient online presence in the form of a neatly designed websites and transaction systems, the Triodos bank needs to improve on its online presence on the web. It is easy for the banks to use internet ROI to measure their online marketing effectiveness. However, marketing ROI provides measurement of just the tangible outcomes of the online operations. This dissertation makes a few recommendations to the banks to improvise upon their website performances and provides them framework for measuring intangible benefits such as creation and sustenance of brand value, creation of awareness, creation of sales inquiries for possible future business. The paper recommends all the three banks to incorporate the methodologies presented in this paper to measure the intangible benefits of their online marketing efforts and to make changes to their online marketing approaches.
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| | Dissertation on theoretical aspects of segmentation and then discussing segmented market focus of Amazon | | | Market segmentation is about dividing a market into different homogeneous groups of consumers. Market segmentation makes it possible for organizations to customize the marketing mix for specific target markets rather than offer the generic marketing mix to vastly different customers, in order to satisfy customer needs. Marketing segmentation is not about having a completely different marketing mix for each of the market segments. Promotional campaigns too differ among segments as needs of each segment would be different. A market segment has to be measurable, accessible by communication channels and needs to be different in its response to marketing mix, durable and substantial enough to be profitable, A market can be segmented based on multiple actors. Business markets are segmented differently from consumer markets as the purchasing behaviors of both are different. The purpose of segmenting the market is to allow the marketing programs to focus on specific subsets of prospective buyers that are most likely to purchase the products or services. If segmentation is done in an effective way it will result in the highest possible returns for the marketing expenses. Depending on whether the company is selling its products or services to individual consumers or businesses, there would be distinct characteristics among segments in what the company considers when defining market segments. Marketing segmentation also enables brands to customize their products and services to match the needs of different consumer groups. Segmentation of the market has the advantages of being able to target and cater to customers that have similar consumption patterns. At the same time too much of segmentation might be efforts intensive and could result in loss of focus on the overall market scenario. Furthermore, too much of segmentation can result in increased costs, which may not justify the earnings from individual segments. Amazon UK is one of the most successful retail firms. It combines two channels successfully, retailing and online business. While it implements segmentation into its marketing efforts, this study reveals that the approach of Amazon UK to consumer market is over segmented. This paper recommends Amazon UK to minimize on its segmentation efforts and benefit from increased profits and reduced costs. | | |
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| | Dissertation on theoretical aspects of segmentation and then discussing segmented market focus of Symantec UK | | | One of the most important components of marketing is segmentation. It is rare that a company operates in a market without segmenting it. If an entire market is homogeneous then firms can sell their products without segmenting. However, practically no market in its entirety is homogeneous. A potential market can be segmented based on several factors. Business markets are segmented quite differently from consumer markets as the purchasing behaviors of both business and individual customers are different. The purpose of segmenting the market is to allow the marketing programs and efforts to focus on specific groups of prospective customers that are expected to purchase the products or services. Marketing efforts require identification of consumers with similar consumption patterns and customizing the products and promotional offers to suit them. Grouping of customers based on their needs and buying behavior is required for effective marketing. Segmentation is this grouping of customers with similar characteristics of consumption and purchase. Grouping of customers in a market into different homogeneous clusters is called segmentation. Organizations can customize the marketing mix for specific target markets rather than offering the generic marketing mix to vastly different customers to satisfy customer needs with the help of market segmentation. Markets segments are not completely exclusive. Instead different segments can have some of the characteristics common among them. Organization can fetch higher returns by incorporating efficient segmentation of their markets. A broad segmentation can be between business and individual customers. These business and individual customer segments can further be divided based on common characteristics. Marketing segmentation enables organizations to customize their products and services to match the needs of different consumer clusters. Segmentation of the market has the advantage of being able to target and cater to customers groups who have similar consumption patterns. The flip side of segmentation is that of over segmentation. Over segmentation is about dividing the market into too many smaller groups. While the advantages of optimum segmentation can be increased profits, disadvantages of over segmentation can be many. One of the main disadvantage of over segmentation is increased costs and resources that are need to maintain all the segments. And if one of the smaller segment is not doing well, it could pull down the performance in other segments. Promotional campaigns vary among segments as the needs of each segment is different. A market segment needs to be measurable if the effectiveness of the segment and the marketing efforts can be accounted for. Symantec Corporation is one of the most successful antivirus software company in the world. It is headquartered in the USA and has a branch in the UK. It operates through offline stores of retailers and has an online store in the UK. It caters to both individual and corporate customers. It has high degree of segmentation in its market focus and product range. This dissertation research first discusses theoretical aspects of segmentation and then discusses segmented market focus of Symantec UK. | | |
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| | Dissertation Proposal on IBM Diverse Workforce: Success strategies | | | The onset of globalization has witnessed a wide shift in demographic profile of workforce within the organizations. And, perhaps, in this purview organizations are also coming on terms with cultural diversity at their workplace. Thus, nowadays, organizations are quite vigilant to rope in culturally diverse management for their workforce as cornerstone of their policies to attract and retain the best talent from all around the globe.
In this framework of rigid competition between multinational companies to acquire best talent, it is highly significant that how company deals with their employees/workforce coming from different backgrounds and cultures. Henceforth a key that question arises is, “How do companies manage cultural diversity in the workplace?’ At more fundamental one can question, “How do managers manage cultural diversity in workplace?” Early, 2006 pg 103)
IBM is one such multinational organization that has to effectively deal with cultural diversity to maintain its global existence. IBM demarcates itself very strongly in enduring successful cultural diverse environment in its policy statement. Ted Child (vice president of workforce diversity at IBM) proudly identifies cultural diversity management at IBM with issues concerning to cultural awareness and acceptance, ethnic minorities and multilingualism as key components in IBM’s global workforce diversity challenges.
This research will incorporate an exploratory study on IBM way to manage culture diversity at workplace. For this first a critical literature review will be conducted to understand the concept. Global Policies of IBM will be taken to know about IBM vision. Once having a detailed perspective IBM Pune will be encircled as case study to narrow down the research towards the research aims and objectives
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| | Essay discussing the Telstra’s recently released policy regarding staff use of social media such as Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, Flickr and YouTube reference to human resource management and the legal context | | | Emergence of internet and its usage brought about many changes in our society as well as life and one amongst them are the way we socialize today. The contemporary world is fast and complex. People thrive on success in life from both status as well as financial point of view. Twenty-four hours of the day flies to make the statement truer “time flies”. At the same time, people need to be connected with each other as these relationships get utilized someway or the other, socialistic or professional form. As a part of this change from the traditional format of socializing, the social networking sites were discovered one day and today, we do not live without them. It began with just one or two and in the current stage, every large companies have ventured into making these social networking sites interesting and interactive in their best way. As a part of the modernization techniques, we have adopted yet another format of change in the form of social networking sites however, many parts of the world and especially the corporate world, could still not change completely to this contemporary method of socializing. Mr. Ricardo Semler’s Seven Day Weekend was published mid year 2000 and social networking sites other than normal chat machines like Yahoo.com etc., started gaining popularity much later than that. However, adequate application of Semler’s strategy has still not happened. These cannot be a system failure always; rather these are human failure many a times. Therefore, whether use of social networking sites should be unrestricted or not really, have many factors to decide and most important of such are self sense of responsibility on the part of employees themselves. We have evaluated the same idea and concluded that some policy is always better to implement to put some restrictions in place but at the same time, the facility should not be stopped completely or restricted by time, rather let technology play it safe.
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| | Essay on impact of Ethics on Information security policy in the field of IT and business relations | | | This paper addresses the possibility of an ethical approach, in particular, the social approach on business. The importance of an efficient information security system is unavoidable in companies indifferent to how small or big the organization is. Technology is growing fast with better enhancement. This consequently brings up new security threats to business organizations everyday. In order to repudiate the threats, it is important for all business organizations to introduce and implement adequate information security system. This paper looks into the aspect of information security and its significance among organizations. While introducing a new security system or software, the company usually faces different problems such as inconvenience of the employees, implementation shortcomings, and failure of alignment between different strategies and so on. The paper also probes deeply into these problems and analyzes whether the social approach has any impact on information security system. It also provides helpful tips to sort out the security problems and introduce a successful implementation of information security policy. | | |
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| | Essay on Net neutrality or Not neutering - An ethical approach perspective | | | Being a de-centralized unit, Internet is a broad term owned by no one. However, some ISPs are considering changing this design in order to increase revenues. Hence, Net neutrality or unfettered access to internet is a big question of debate in accordance to right to freedom of speech. Where scholars advocates internet accessibility sonorously in compliance with “Net Neutrality”, consumers can save its status by adhering to ethical consideration viz. Deontological or Utilitarian approach applicability. | | |
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| | Essay on Project risk management in IT projects | | | This paper addresses the important issues related to project risk management with specific reference to the field of IT (Information Technology) management. The paper discusses the nature of risks involved in IT management along with other significant issues. It also studies the implications of the essential strategies with regard to various tools and techniques used in the project management. | | |
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| | Essay on Should porn be filtered in libraries | | | The primary purpose of public libraries is to act as an agency for education, civic centre for inspiration and uplift for people and political enlightenment (Patrick Williams, 1988). With the advent of personal computers and broad band internet connections, the traditional hard copy libraries have made way for cyber libraries. The access to information is unlimited in the cyber world. It is limited only to the curiosity of the user. Pornographic material is freely available on the net making it a temptation to watch even to the serious seeker of information. Having said this, pornographic material is viewed mostly for pleasure and not for information. Libraries are viewed as centres to seek knowledge and information to uplift the self, the nation and the mankind. Viewing of porn in public libraries serves none of the purposes of library. A Royal Oak man was arrested for viewing child pornography on a public computer (The Daily Tribune, 2008). So the question arises. Should pornographic material be filtered out for access to the users? | | |
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| | Essay on the impact of Information systems (IS) on business ethics, manegerial roles and the changing world of work | | | There is a bulk of the scholarly literature on the computer ethics that focuses on ethical issues in the workplace. Still, even now a number of companies and organizations are continually confronted with ethical challenges and violations that must be resolved. The resolution can be reached in different ways many of which will be discussed in this paper. The objective can be reached either through clarifying internal policy or through internal disciplining and enforcement, or litigation. The clue to the problem closely depends on the nature and severity of the violation and some other factors. While there is no indication that the cases of willfully malicious acts of unethical computer behavior (IT behavior) can be completely eliminated, I still hold to the idea that the introduction of clear ethical imperatives to the workers of the organization can help to bring certainty in the way the organization is being operated. In my research I want to show that ethical lapses simply come as a result from a lack of certainty on the part of the user and lack of policy clarity on the part of the organization (two major sides involved into the problem). Since ethical principles are challenged repeatedly as the society moves forward, workers should be constantly informed about the proper ethical behavior in given situations and provided with support when they face non-standard situations. In relatively young fields like information technologies, the determination of appropriate behavior can be regarded as a particularly acute problem, which attracts many scholars and is being discussed in numerous publications. | | |
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| | Essay on the Role of Outsourcing in IT industry | | | With computer systems and projects and their implementations getting more complex with every day that passes, the tendering of IT responsibilities to external parties is becoming attractive to the organizations of all size. The common name for this type of operation is “outsourcing”. It is the attempt of this essay to explain outsourcing, mainly the benefits it brings concluding it with how it solves the problems that are present now in IT organizations. | | |
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| | Evaluation and comparison of the websites of Amazon and W H Smith on the criteria of Core Identity, Extended Identity, Value Proposition and Relationship | | | The companies need to establish brand identity in the market if they are to sustain amid changing marketing forces for a long time. Brand identities can be thought of as promise statements by the companies and their members to consumers about the benefits of the use of their products (Schmidt & Ludlow, 2002). Brand identity is the projected value addition to the customer’s life (Balmer & Grey, 2000). Brand identity is a set of associations that the customer identifies with the product or the company (Kotler et al, 2006). In order to create brand identity the company has to define core values of the brand, its associations, perceptions by the customers about the brand, the personality traits the customer associates with the brand and relationship of the brand with the customer (Holt, 2004). For example, a jeans trousers brand may project a macho image of the wearer. The customer identifies with the brand’s ruggedness, toughness of character, and macho man image. The brand can have psychological and emotional bearing on the minds of customers too. A person wearing the particular brand of jeans may actually think and behave like a macho man. Thus the brand identity of the particular jeans brand can be that of macho image. These projections are not the results of how the products were perceived by larger sections of customers. But they are carefully thought out strategies by the brands themselves. Before launching a new product in the market the companies normally strategize and plan as to what the brand image of the product is. The branding strategy depends upon the target customers, their demography, salient features of the product, life cycle of the product etc (Stuart, 1999). Amazon UK and WH Smith are two of the largest book sellers and retail merchants of the UK. Both the companies have online as well as physical stores. Both the companies started as book selling stores and later expanded their business to retail sector. The products range showcased on their web sites are similar. The brand identities of thee two stores as planned by their brand strategists are different. The report analyses the web sites of both Amazon UK and W H Smith Plc to study the brand identity of the two companies. The report also analyses the four components of brand identity viz., core identity, extended identity, value proposition and relationships as applied to both the brands. The report makes recommendations to both W H Smith and Amazon UK to improve upon in areas that fall short of optimum performance. | | |
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| | Evaluation and Recommendations of E-business strategies for ‘I want one of those’ | | | ‘I Want One of Those’ is an innovative business brand marketing a wide range of products, especially luxury and fun items. Its products are quite popular as gifts. The brand line of ‘I Want One of Those’ reads- “stuff you don’t need…but you really, really want”. Since the range of items is wide, it caters to a large market comprising of varied customers. Unique products and innovative gift ideas on ‘I Want One of Those’ are its selling points.
E-business has expanded rapidly and many companies are turning to internet to provide a bigger base to their brand and products. Internet ensures a larger market and therefore, more sales. Hence, to move with the changing times and changing demands of its customers, ‘I Want One of Those’ is also marketing its items online. The web portal of ‘I Want One of Those’ is www.iwantoneofthose.com’.
The web site www.iwantoneofthose.com is attracting customers because of its fresh approach. The items are systematically displayed and the services are appealing to the customers. However, there are certain flaws within the site. Further, there is scope for improvement of this e-business through other means. Various aspects like segmentation, branding, elation building, transactions etc have been discussed.
This Report has been constructed to suggest measure to improve the e-operations of “I Want One of Those’. The Report has been outlined as- Introduction (2.1 E-business, 2.2 About ‘I Want One of Those’), Performance Evaluation and Improvement of E-business, Assessment of ‘I Want One of Those’ (4.1 Home Page, 4.2 Link Pages, 4.3 Other Services), Recommendations and Conclusion.
Application of the recommendations made is expected to improve the e-operations of ‘I Want One of Those’ significantly.
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| | Evaluation of e-commerce strategies of Bharti Airtel | | | Any business that has a huge customer base and that deals with customers on a day to day basis requires E-commerce and E-business applications. To have an official web site for a business has become mandatory since 1990s. Customers browse the web site of a company to ascertain its credentials. Other business entities that deal with large number of customers use the web site with e-commerce applications to cater to customers’ needs such as answering their queries through online customer support, allowing them to purchase products and services online, allowing customers to update their personal and contact information etc.. So the efficient use of E-business or E-commerce is vital to the success of a retail business that has huge customer base. In turn the success of E-commerce depends upon customers’ participation. If more and more customers are able to use E-commerce applications of the company in an efficient way, the company can cut down costs of managing retail brick and mortar outlets. Success of a company that is involved in large scale retail industry directly depends upon the success and efficiency of its online business. There are many pitfalls linked to E-commerce though such as security threats, data integrity issues, performance of the hardware and software applications, the speed with which web pages open etc. The report does an evaluation of Bharti Airtel, one of Asia’s leading telecom service provider, with respect to its E-commerce applications in areas such as branding, customer segmentation, transactional facilities and degree of integration of online and offline operations. The report then makes recommendations to improve performance and efficiency of their E-commerce applications. | | |
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| | Evaluation of Marketing Mix Strategy of Air Asia in the online context | | | This project has been prepared to review, analyse and evaluate how Air Asia is executing its Marketing Mix Strategy in the online context. Air Asia is the leading low cost airline for domestic travel within Asia. A study of the marketing mix of the chosen enterprise, its expansion of online execution, key issues and basic principles of online marketing has been undertaken. The flaws in the application have been dealt with and suitable recommendations made. | | |
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| | Evaluation of the Approach presented in Measuring the Business Value of Information Technology, Practical Strategies for IT and Business Managers by David Sward. | | | Gone are the days when operations in an industry relied mostly on human efforts and skills. This is the age of information technology, which finds its place even in unlikely areas such as automobiles, manufacturing and process chains etc. More and more companies are automating their processes and operations by incorporating IT in their operations. The debate is whether these investments in IT prove to be profitable or cost effective in the least. When the proposal to invest in IT comes up, the managers and senior executives have a difficult task in convincing their CEOs, COOs or Directors about the business profitability from the proposed IT investment (David Sward, 2006). There have been many approaches to evaluate the value of IT investment to the profitability of the company. Many use quantitative approaches using ROI (Return on Investment), NPV (Net Present Value), IRR (Internal Rate of Return) etc. (Craig Symons, 2006). These measures mostly rely on projected figures based on certain assumption and elasticities. The measurement approach obviously uses a few variables, which may not represent the complete process elasticities. When the investment in IT is made in an organization, there can be more long term qualitative benefits than immediate benefits that can be measured in quantity. Most importantly, the IT investment in an organization calls for its perception as value center than costs and cost effectiveness, which has many intangible benefits than tangible ones (Craig Symons, 2006). This paper tries to evaluate the approach presented in Measuring the Business Value of Information Technology, Practical Strategies for IT and Business Managers by David Sward. This book is a publication of Intel press and is the official view of Intel Inc. on the value of IT investment. It is quite understandable that the book is written as part of the marketing of the products and services of Intel Inc. to the prospective enterprises so that they understand the benefits of investing in IT in their operations. | | |
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| | Evaluation of three online employment websites | | | This report evaluates three online employment website on the basis of eBusiness model design. A comparison has been made between traditional approach and the online approach for the online employment market. Advantages of the online approach over traditional one are also discussed. A brief introduction of the three websites i.e. Seek (Australia), Monster (US) and Naukri (India) is given. Then an analysis of the three website from eBusiness model design perceptive is conducted. In the analysis various factors like reverse value chain, value proposition, competitive advantage, profit performance, business models, design effectives and constraints, distinct features, etc. are examined. Based on the evaluation a conclusion regarding selection of better site out of these three has been made and a few key strategic recommendations are made for all the three to improve their performance for achieving lead in online employment sector is stated. | | |
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| | Evaluation of three online shopping websites | | | This report evaluates three online shopping websites i.e. ebay.com, Amazon.com and Dealsdirect.com.au on the basis of e-Business model design. The three websites chosen for this analysis helps in analyzing the factors which are responsible in designing an effective website. In the analysis various factors like value proposition, competitive advantage, profit performance, distinctive feature etc. are examined. After analyzing the websites on several different criteria, the conclusion made is that no one website satisfies all the criteria. One has strength in one department and the second one holds competitive advantage in some other department. Accordingly recommendations have been made both on aggregate basis and also specifically for the three websites. | | |
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| | Information systems implementation – An organizational perspective | | | Unprecedented developments in the field of information systems have brought about unprecedented changes the way organizations function since the late 20th century. Traditional management practices have given way to management practices that center around information systems or IS. IS has found a place even in the unlikely place such as hospitality and entertainment industry. There is a huge amount of dependency created on IS in almost all the industrial practices. Initially, IS was found to be useful in banking and insurance industries. But now literally almost all the medium and large scale companies use IS at least to some extent. Organizational changes are complex processes and entails alteration of values beliefs and rituals (Schein, 1987). Information system includes computers, hardware, software, people, and databases both in manual and automated processes. A good implementation and practice of information systems goes a long way in enhancing organizational efficiency and productivity. Needless to say that implementation of IS in an organization can cut down manpower costs and saves considerable amount of time. For example, in an organization with several departments like inventory, purchase, production etc. the implementation and practice of IS will cut down inefficiency due to manual data linkages between these departments. On the other hand the practice of IS improves efficiency by effectively connecting all the related information to a central database. The implementation and use of information system is not just one off event. The management of an organization should constantly be looking at ways to achieve increased productivity. So research of the effectiveness of the existing IS and steps to upgrade the current infrastructure and practices become utmost important if an organization has to derive value out of its IS investment. The paper discusses structure, strategy and systems perspective in view of IS implementation of organizations. The paper then discusses critical systems theory and how it relates to structure, system and strategy perspectives. It analyses as to how organizations apply these perspectives to better implement and manage information systems. | | |
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| | Internet Business Strategy for Aerospace Alloys | | | Aerospace Metal Alloys are a distributor of exotic steel, aluminium and titanium alloys to the aerospace industry and other speciality industries. Aerospace is based in United States of America. Aerospace metals has a unique offering to its customers by offering them all kinds of metal solutions like service centre, forge facility, melt operation, customer bar producer, value added service producer and an information service producer all under one roof. (All metals and forge, 2008)
Aerospace provides various types of alloys in all mill forms as well as customer hand rolled bars which are not commercially available.
The forging operation of Aerospace provides forged materials in various sizes like discs, hubs, blocks, shafts etc. The value added services include hot and cold forming, heat treating, cutting, machining and extrusions, rolling and welding operations. (All metals and forge, 2008)
The unique custom operations include hand rolled bars in many shapes and sizes. Customized melting process can produce metals with custom chemistry, controlled chemistry, an out of date or an obsolete alloy, or a vacuum melt of a common grade and provide ingots or mill forms. (All metals and forge, 2008)
Aerospace has been consistently meeting customer expectations through its extensive logistic network which has been expediting materials to customers whenever they want to meet critical deadlines, or respond to an emergency material needs, shutdowns, rush orders, critical item list and other critical services. Logistics of Aerospace also provides JIT inventory fulfilment for its clients. (All metals and forge, 2008)
Aerospace is having strict quality control measures since all the materials become parts in aircrafts and other high performance products. Aerospace primarily sells raw materials formed in the shape of bars, sheets, rings and forgings. (All metals and forge, 2008)
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| | Internet Business Strategy for All metals and Forge | | | They are distributors of exotic steel, aluminium, titanium, super and special alloys as well as carbon to aerospace industry, also to many other speciality industries. An US based company with specialised offerings of various kinds of metal solutions like service centre facility, forging, melting operation, customised bar producer, value added service producers as well as information base and use it as a new service that could be provided under one roof. It also provides alloys in different forms for different types of demands in the market both from industries as well customer’s point of view and its unique selling proposition is that this customised delivery is not usually available in the market. The third major offering is forging and they provide steel for forging in various size and shapes. Forging is a complex set of activity and hence this firm also provides value added service (VAS) such as rolling and welding operations, heat treating, cutting, machining and extrusions etc. These activities forms a larger part of work for the industry it serves i.e. Aerospace industry. (All metals and forge, 2009) Apart from the standard product and services, a customized operation is also offered which include hand-rolled bars, which are made available in many shapes and sizes. Through a customized melting process All Metals & Forge produce metals in export variety (All metals and forge, 2009). It has an extensive logistic network which has been rushing up materials to customers whenever there is a demand to meet critical deadlines, or may be responding to an emergency needs, shutdowns emergency, rush orders and many other critical services to name a few. A just-in-time (JIT) method is followed for order fulfilment process (All metals and forge, 2009)
Security of materials used, hence high quality of materials required, could easy be understood by any supplier as aerospace would have strict quality control measures, All metals, and all parts form a part of the aircraft and other high performance products. Aerospace primarily sells raw materials formed in the shape of bars, sheets, rings and forgings. (All metals and forge, 2009).
The model of business followed is business-to-business (B2B). Large corporates or aircraft fabricators produce the final aircraft from these materials. These customers could even be a middleman, between the All Metals and Forge company and the aircraft manufacturers like Boeing or Airbus. A sales staff is maintained to sell metals to companies. The inventory storage system is spread across United States and the sourcing is done from various steel and metal manufacturers across North America. They have a system or mechanism to place special orders received from its customers to other companies on their behalf and this happens All Metals doe not have stock of that particular product. The company has a unique combination of a steel service center, forge facility, customised vacuum melt operation, customised bar producing mechanism, value-added services as well as knowledge management for its customers. It is a quality certified company having ISO-9001:2000/AS9100/EN9100 registration (All metals and forge, 2009)
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| | Management of IT projects - EasyBuys case study | | | This paper provided solution to the famous Easybuys case study | | |
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| | Memo on How to install New Data management and MIS software | | | HireCraft is Software or a CRM tool, which facilitates, Data Storage, Data Management, Client Relationship Management, Internal Control, and Management Information Systems. This software is useful for any organization across industry but would be more beneficial and effective for Service Sector. This facility would be helpful for Human Resource and Recruitment processes and the management has decided to install HireCraft at every desktop of Alexander Mann Solutions, UK. | | |
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| | Paper analysing ERP implementation needs amounting to successful implementation and the positive benefits that could be derived out of the investment based on a case study of Barden Corporation, UK | | | – In the last decades on 20th century and in the 21 century, the product life cycle is slowly decreasing (Lo, Tsa & Li, 2005). The factors that contribute to the decreased product life cycle are newer inventions and improvements happening at the drop of the hat. This trend is making even a year old product obsolete. Such scenario puts a lot of burden on the manufacturing industry that needs to keep on inventing, adapting to new technology and to recycle the obsolete products (Lo, Tsa & Li, 2005). ERP or Enterprise Resource Planning has come as a boon for industries to manage changing IT needs of the organization as well as to plan human resource requirements, to do costing, organizational restructuring etc. ERP implementations can be seen as a holistic solution to keep organizations abreast in the competitive and ever changing market needs (Zoonky & Jinyou, 2000). These paper analyses ERP implementation needs, factors amounting to successful implementation and the positive benefits that could be derived out of the investment based on a case study of implementation of ERP solutions in Barden Corporation, Plymouth, UK (Case Study Source: Phil Robinson, 1999). SAP R/3 an ERP solution was implemented at Barden UK by BPIC or Business Performance Improvement Consultancy based in Hove, England. The paper uses theoretical framework of ERP implementation as a reference to analyzing the case study. | | |
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| | Paper analysing Knowledge Management (KM) in Infosys Technologies based on the journal article ‘Towards a knowledge sharing organization: Some of the challenges faced by Infosys’ by Kochikar & Suresh (2009) | | | In the past few decades corporate management is increasingly realizing knowledge as an important corporate asset. There have been serious efforts to document, store and reuse knowledge and insights of the manpower derived out of experience and exposure to processes and technologies. According to Eisenhardt & Santos (2002), the corporate entities have transited from the resource based tradition to knowledge based tradition (Resu, Ranft,, Lamont & Adams, 2009), Knowledge has grown from insignificant asset of the company to become the key to provide competitive advantage to the companies (Resu, Ranft,, Lamont & Adams, 2009). Now knowledge management has grown to the extent that different inquiring systems have been developed to create knowledge (Parrish & Courtney, 2009). There were times when individual employees had greater significance within the organization because of their knowledge in handling a particular process or system. These days it is the knowledge of the company in handling a particular system or process that amounts to the fact that whether or not the company gets the order to execute a particular process. Even at the individual level within the organization, it is not the amount of knowledge an employee has that is valued but it is the willingness of the employee to share the knowledge with co employees that matters to the organization most. The organizational management no more encourages the presence of knowledge pockets within the organization but a distributed system wherein every employee is be able to access the knowledge and expertise of expert employees. In order to do this, organizations have invested in many systems such as employee forums wherein employees openly express their difficulties in carrying out a particular task and seek expert guidance from those within the organization. The wide use of internet and intranet within the organizations has contributed to this cause where employees discuss on e-forums. Another method that organizations adopt is the development of knowledgebase or Kbase using inputs from employees within the organization. The importance of knowledge especially in the IT sector is so much so that the managements invest as much money in documentation of coding and flow charts as in software developmental efforts itself. The paper does an analysis of KM in Infosys Technologies based on the journal article ‘Towards a knowledge sharing organization: Some of the challenges faced by Infosys’ by Kochikar & Suresh (2009). The paper discusses the journey of Infosys from a resource centric organization to knowledge centric organization and the methods the company adopted over the years to hone knowledge and skills among the employees and of the company as a whole. The paper also discusses the rationale behind adopting certain methods to become the knowledge powerhouse. Finally the paper makes a few recommendations to Infosys to fine tune their knowledge management processes. | | |
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| | Paper on Technology and security in global supply chain – How technology can help to improve | | | Supply chain management is one of the most important components of business or industries. Supply chain management can be called as the management of network of interconnected businesses that facilitate the provision of goods and services to from the source point to the consumption point (Harland, 1996). Some times supply chain management and logistics management are used synonymously but logistics is essentially different and logistics just refers to movement of goods and services. Logistics can be called as a component of supply chain management (Lambert, 2004). The main purpose of supply chain management is to move products or services from source point to the end point keeping the aspects of safety and timely delivery as the core focuses. Some of the products require intermediate storages in warehouses before the products are delivered to the consumption point. The source point could be an ancillary supplying parts of a product and end point is almost all the times a consumer. Supply chain management requires effective management of materials, transport medium, inventory management, efficient movement of cash flow. Cash flows moves the opposite direction of supply chain management. Supply chain management has been there since we know of existence of any industry. However, the process got a name in the form of ‘Supply Chain Management’ only in 80s. This management area was given more prominence in the 90s when IT infrastructure was used to increase the efficiency of operations (Harland, 1996). Traditionally supply chain management was active between any two nodes or members of the network at any given point of time. Not all members were aware of movement and flow of material. When IT infrastructure was installed in the network the movement and flow of goods and services became more visible to all the members of the network, bringing in more efficiency to the system. ERP was another software application that was widely used in high end supply chain management networks. ERP greatly integrated different operations within the network to make a wholesome operation. There are many technological advancement that have found use in the current supply chain management systems (Cooper et al., 1997). There are many security devices too that find use in the flow of goods and services. This paper first discusses supply chain management and its growth into becoming an important component of industries. The paper then dwells into the modern day needs of time management and security in the operations of supply chain management. The paper then dwells into some of the technological innovations that have found place in supply chain management utilities. The paper finally makes recommendations on how to involve more technology into the operations of supply chain management in the present scenario as well as in the future.
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| | Paper on the impact of communication on different business and commercial world | | | This paper will through light on the impact of communication on different business and commercial world. It will cover three major areas each discussing how various communications can affect a company in Australia to export to UAE. It will discuss the obstacles and guideline that one need to keep in mind in order to enhance better communication among the staff and increase the sales. Overall, this paper will give a better understanding of ways and channels of communication for an organization to better improve itself. | | |
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| | Project management plan by Infosys | | | Infosys Technologies Limited, an Indian software development company has bagged order to develop user interface software for an American capital investment company ACIC Inc. ACIC is in need of a software application for its web site to enable internet users to create a brokerage account, view history of the account, to manage transactions etc.. It also requires a second part of the application, which enables authorized representative to open brokerage accounts on behalf of the customers after receiving filled in paper application forms. The application is an enhancement of the existing application, which was also developed by Infosys. The Project Management Plan developed by Infosys is aimed to serve two purposes viz., to show the client objectives, deliverables and process details and to use as a guideline for the team management and members to execute the project. Financial budgeting is excluded for third party reviews due to confidentiality issues. The objective of this academic report is to analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the Project Management Plan developed by Infosys. The report uses a theoretical framework comprising of standard PMP modules such as Introduction, Missions and Objectives, Work Scope, Planning Basis, Work Breakdown Structure, Organization Development Plan, Resource Plan, Procurement and Logistics Plan, Logic and Schedules, Financial Management and Budgeting, Risk Analysis and Contingency Plan, Quality and Productivity Plan, Environmental and Safety Plan, Security Plan, Project Control and Administration Plan and Documentation and Configuration Management Plan. The framework also consists of the use of graphical tools such as MS Office Project, WBS charts, Gantt charts, flow charts etc.
The paper finds the PMP concise and to the point. The PMP is rich in information but poor in presentation. The PMP includes all the technicalities of the software development environment. The PMP is scientifically designed and developed. The PMP uses statistical weightings to analyze the impact of defects on the overall progress and success of the project. But it lacks good presentation. The PMP lacks the use of the project development tools such as MS Office Project, WBS charts, flowcharts, Gantt charts etc. It is a complete project plan with all the details required for the concerned people to know the project objectives, deliverables and project stages. However, since it lacks graphical tools the understanding of the project processes takes longer time. The PMP is technically and logically sound but poor in presentation. The paper recommends Infosys to make good use of MS Office Project, WBS, flowcharts using SmartDraw and Gantt charts in its future Project Management Plans.
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| | Reflection paper on RFID Technology | | | This paper gives personal views on the RFID technology and its potential use in airline industry. | | |
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| | Report analysing Infosys project to study legal aspects of project management such as stakeholder analysis, duty of care, legal issues in tendering etc | | | Project managers need to work within legal frameworks while discharging their duties or while executing projects. Some of the legal aspects of the projects are vendor contracts, customer agreements, employee contracts, property ownership issues, international trade agreements for overseas contracts, adherence governmental and environmental policies etc.. It is important that project managers know their legal responsibilities; else a small negligence could result in serious collateral damage. Business contracts bind concerned parties legally with one another. When the contracts are done by taking all the legal aspects into account, they protect the interests of the parties engaged by the contract. This report analyzes Infosys project to study legal aspects of project management such as stakeholder analysis, duty of care, legal issues in tendering etc. The sample project of web application development initiated by ACIC executed by Infosys does not require adherence to too much of safety and environmental concerns. However, software application development activities need to conform to violation norms such as intellectual property violation norms, copyright violation norms and the use of authorized software. Non-adherence to the time of delivery or developing an erroneous web application causing financial losses to ACIC could also land Infosys in legal trouble. The report recommends Infosys to explicitly mention in its project management plan, its adherence to copyright violation norms, intellectual property violation norms etc... The report also recommends Infosys to compensate their employees proportionately with the earnings from the project as a fair business practice. | | |
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| | Report analysing the Business branding and Internet Marketing strategy of Triodos Bank | | | E-commerce and E-business are slowly becoming integral parts of banking system since the last couple of decades. According to Crane and Bodie (1996), banking and financial industry is growing rapidly in unpredictable ways (Wu, Hsia & Heng, 2006). Some of the technology enhanced products and services are multi-function ATMs, tele-banking, online banking and trading of stocks and shares etc. (Wu, Hsia & Heng, 2006). Integrating E-commerce in banking system is probably the most challenging task since huge money rides the operations of E-commerce and a small bug or lapse in the application could lead to serious repercussions (Chaffey, 2002). E-commerce differs from traditional banking to a great extent. While traditional banking at the branches is slow and time consuming, internet banking allows transactions to be done with the touch of fingertips in no time. The flip side of the internet banking is that it is prone to hacking, data theft and even malicious transactions costing the bank and customers to a great extent. Nonetheless, E-commerce in banking system is inevitable feature in today’s fast paced world. The banks use their web site and internet banking facilities to build brand value and to attract more customers. Since traditional banking at branches is slowly giving way to online banking, customers judge the performance of the banks not by the helpfulness or lack of it of desk clerks but the facilities and the ease of operations of their online banking systems. Since these days the web sites and online banking systems are the face of the bank to the customer, utmost care is taken to project the image of the bank to the customers as well as to show their concern to the customers’ needs (Wu, Hsia & Heng, 2006). The Triodos Bank known as the ethical bank since it funds mostly to organizationas involved in green, iconological or socially beneficial causes (Triodos Bank, 2009). The bank is based in Netherlands and has branches in UK, Belgium, Germany and Spain (Triodos Bank, 2009). It uses E-commerce applications to enable its customers transact online. The Triodos Bank has a web site that allows online banking and uses highly segmented approach. This report analyses the online banking system and the web site design and presentation of Triodos Bank, UK. The report uses evaluation criteria such as content quality, performance of web site infrastructure, customer support and customer privacy and security to analyze the impact of the efforts of the bank on branding and internet marketing strategy. The report finally makes recommendations to the bank to improve their online banking system in those areas.
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| | Report analysing the legal aspects of Business agreement between Infosys and ACIC | | | A business agreement in essence is a set of promises made by all the parties involved in the agreement. Business agreements spell out the terms of business operation for which all the concerned parties are coming together. Business agreements between companies need to be protected under the law of the nation. Agreements made under legal frameworks of legislation would protect interests of one party against the acts of another party or parties that are breaching the contract. Any disputes arising among the companies that are part of the agreement are normally arbitrated in the jurisdiction of the principal company (HG.org, 2009). The business agreement protects the interests of all the companies that are part of the agreement in an unpleasant scenario of one of the parties violating the agreed terms. Even governments, multinational companies, small and medium sized businesses and industries and even individuals such as employees of a firm or consultants to the firm work under the umbrella of legal bindings. There are other set of legal bindings to work within, between companies operating from different nations. The legislations of nations vary to a great extent. In the sample case of Infosys and ACIC project, there are no major legal issues such as ownership of property. However, since the agreement is between companies headquartered in different nations, international trade policies between the two countries apply. It is also important for the client to study the laws of the country it is outsourcing the project. The paper recommends Infosys and ACIC to engage in fair business practices and settle any disputes in the legal framework amicably fostering a long term relationship | | |
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| | Report on Advantages of Online shopping using several real-life examples | | | The purpose of this essay is to explain the advantages of shopping online compared to shopping offline. These advantages are considered in regard to convenience advantages, product selection, and price knowledge. It is argued that shopping online provides substantial advantages compared to traditional offline shopping. | | |
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| | Report on Impacts of Information system technology on Woolworth supply chain | | | In industries such as the retail industry where reducing cost-bases is crucial, improved communication strategies through more efficient communication technologies and information systems is imperative in ultimately improving responsiveness to consumers and maximising consumer value. This report seeks to explore the information system technology that has improved Woolworth’s operations, and will analyse the impact on consumers, suppliers, employees and shareholders. Further, recommendations will be made based on industry trends | | |
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| | Report on Influence of Computer games on Children | | | Children are increasingly playing computer games these days. Video games and computer games have assumed prominent role in the culture of children especially in the developed countries (Steve Dorman, 1997). Some of the reasons ascribed to increasing indulgence in children in computer games are urbanization, less social and physical interaction among children after school as a result of urbanization, lesser space available to play physical games etc. Playing computer games have positive as well as negative influences on children. The parents and teaching staff therefore need to understand the point where they need to draw the line. Computer games played for shorter durations are proved to have positive benefits on children’s mental capabilities (BBC, 2005). They tend to increase mental reflexes of growing children. The paper discusses some of the benefits and negative influences of playing computer games on children. The paper establishes the role of parents and teachers in regulating the use of computer games. The paper also tries to identify a cut off point beyond which playing computer games could be harmful to children. | | |
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| | Report on RFID Technology and Supply chain Information system significance & impact | | | The report is written to analyze the supply chain system of Cambium-Forstbetriebe, a German logging company. The paper particularly addresses the usability of technology in supply chain information system with a descriptive analysis on Radio Frequency Identification or RFID technology. The paper also analyzes the significance of RFID technology for tracking woods across the wood supply chain systems. It also elaborates an extensive overview of the supply chain system along with the impact of information technology. Above all, the paper looks at the advantages and disadvantages of RFID system, and proposes its implementation on supply chain information system. After, analysing the pros and cons of RFID technology, final recommendations of going ahead with the RFID technology have been made to the competitors of Cambium-Forstbetriebe | | |
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| | Report on the Identification of IT opportunity and application of Business Problem to Future Group | | | Future Group, led by its founder and Group CEO, Mr. Kishore Biyani, is considered one of India’s leading business houses with multiple businesses spanning across the consumer space. Retail forms the core business activity of Future Group. Its flagship brand is Pantaloon Retail. The group operates over 11 million square feet of retail space in over 63 cities and towns and 65 rural locations across India. Future Group follows a multi-format retail strategy that captures almost entire consumption basket of Indian customers. On one hand in the lifystyle segment, the group operates Pantaloons, a fashion retail chain and Central, a chain of seamless malls, whereas on the other hand, in the value segment, it has Big Bazaar which is a hypermarket format that combines the look, touch and feel of Indian bazaars with the choice and convenience of modern retail.
Big Bazaar would have 100 stores PAN India which entail the fastest ever organic expansion of a hypermarket. The first set of Big Bazaar stores opened in 2001 in Kolkata, Hyderabad and Bangalore.
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| | Report suggesting the strategies to improve e-business operations of Accent Clothing | | | The world of e-business is expanding rapidly. Accent Clothing has also adopted this approach to keep in step with the modern times by working through its website www.accentclothing.com. The website endeavours to be consonant with the policies of its business- warm relationship with and convenience to its customers.
The website is designed to meet the requirements of a large number and varied groups of customers. It does so by segmenting the website according to the projected needs of the browsers. Also, Accent Clothing has set up a whole system to provide shopping facilities of transaction and delivery to its buyers.
There are a few flaws relating to the design of the website. They have been evaluated and recommendations made for the improvement of the site and consequently, of the e-business of Accent Clothing.
The Report for evaluating and suggesting measures for improvement of the website has been divided along three basic heads- Design, Content and Customer Interface. These are the three main things to look out for in a website. Under each head, three sections have been constructed- Importance and Guidelines (detailing the importance of each element and the guidelines generally prescribed for it), Evaluation of www.accentclothing.com (in comparison with the guidelines prescribed) and finally, the Recommendations.
These recommendations can help improve the e-business of Accent Clothing and make it a large and well established business on the internet.
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| | Report suggesting the strategies to improve e-business operations of SixT | | | Sixt is a car rental and leasing company which originated in Munich, Germany in 1912. Today, Sixt provides service to their consumers through their company website and 3,500 service stations worldwide (Sixt AG, 2009).
The company’s branding strategy is one of the factors that made Sixt successful. Differentiating from their competitors, Sixt established themselves as “the spirit of mobility,” which conveys a meaning of providing smooth service to their customers. Concentrating on the comfort and satisfaction of their consumers, the process of renting or leasing a car is fast, easy and convenient. The establishment of Sixt’s website supported this positioning. For customers, they can easily select and rent a car at the comforts of their home, office or anywhere.
Sixt’s core brand identities include:
• Provides top-quality services and cars at low prices
• Smooth, hassle-free mobility approach
• Innovative mobility service provider
• A positive image
• A service and customer-oriented range (customer-centred and tailor-made mobility solutions) (Sixt AG, 2009).
According to the company’s website, Sixt’s goal is to “operate as a global player on the world's fastest-growing future market of mobility,” which can further assist the improvement of their market position. By having an electronic base service provider equipped with a unique infrastructure to link services easily, the company has a special competitive advantage. (Sixt AG, 2009) Through the availability of Sixt’s website, customers can easily contact Sixt and avail their services. Furthermore, the company can provide a faster way of dealing with their customers’ needs and demands.
The company’s offline brand image, identity, value proposition and operations need to correspond consistently and provide continuity in their website to compete in the fast-paced marketplace (Rowley, 2004, p.136). Thus, brand building online is necessary and plays a significant role to communicate brand values and build a stronger relationship with its customers.
This report evaluates the online branding and operations of Sixt car rental and leasing company using related framework for branding and operations for websites. It aims to demonstrate the consistency of the offline and online branding and operations by analyzing the Sixt’s website. This report is divided into several parts which includes:
- Online Branding
- Online Operations
- Recommendations
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| | Research plan on IT Alignment & Logistics | | | This paper addresses the research topic of information technology (IT) alignment and logistics. The research plan includes in-depth investigation of the effectiveness of various IT strategies on a business organization. The different roles and functionalities of IT development firms is also a case of concern in this research plan. This paper discus the various issues of relevant importance to the research topic. | | |
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| | Review of Academic Journal ‘Development and Testing of an E-Commerce Web Site Evaluation Model’ by Joia and de Oliveira (2008) | | | The purpose of this essay is to critically analyse the article of Joia and de Oliveira (2008) titled ‘Development and Testing of an E-Commerce Web Site Evaluation Model.’ The article is focused on the use of the internet in marketing in that it seeks to explain how marketing on the internet (the focus is on electronic retailing) can influence purchasing attitudes and intention. By developing a model of consumer purchasing and technological acceptance, the article finds that, in the case of CD music, “ease of use, trust, pleasure, and attractiveness as perceived by visitors to CD e-retailing Web sites are key issues for understanding customer attitude and purchasing” (Joia and de Oliveira 2008: 37). While this finding is based on a relatively robust empirical model, the article nevertheless has its problems and limitations. The implication is that the findings of the article need to be treated with a degree of caution by marketing practitioners.
The essay is structured as follows. The first section outlines the key contention of the article and its relationship to the marketing literatures. This is followed by a discussion that identifies and outlines the practical implications of the research. The final section provides a critique of the article’s limitations.
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| | Review of an academic journal on Internet & Marketing | | | The purpose of this essay is to critically analyse the article of Joia and de Oliveira (2008) titled ‘Development and Testing of an E-Commerce Web Site Evaluation Model.’ The article is focused on the use of the internet in marketing in that it seeks to explain how marketing on the internet (the focus is on electronic retailing) can influence purchasing attitudes and intention. By developing a model of consumer purchasing and technological acceptance, the article finds that, in the case of CD music, “ease of use, trust, pleasure, and attractiveness as perceived by visitors to CD e-retailing Web sites are key issues for understanding customer attitude and purchasing” (Joia and de Oliveira 2008: 37). While this finding is based on a relatively robust empirical model, the article nevertheless has its problems and limitations. The implication is that the findings of the article need to be treated with a degree of caution by marketing practitioners.
The essay is structured as follows. The first section outlines the key contention of the article and its relationship to the marketing literatures. This is followed by a discussion that identifies and outlines the practical implications of the research. The final section provides a critique of the article’s limitations.
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| | Review of the the research paper ‘Analysis of Hoteliers' E-Commerce and Information Technology Applications - Business Travelers Perceptions and Needs by Yeh et al. (2005), from the perspective of a Front Office Manager in a hotel | | | Hospitality industry in the past few decades is increasingly adopting technology in its operations, be they front office booking, room management, inventory etc. (Connor & Murphy, 2004, p. 1). IT investment in hospitality industry is no longer seen as additional costs to operations but is seen as strategic infrastructure that gives edge with competition. Some of the benefits of IT infrastructure in the hospitality industry are ease of use, centralized database that connects to all the departments, remote management, and the speed of operations. The modern internet technology such as e-commerce has enabled customers to find out availability of rooms, room rates, book the rooms and even pay online. According to Gregory and Brieter (2001), there was 54 percent increase in customers using internet to obtain travel information, bookings and hotel arrangements between 1998 and 2001 (Yeh et al., 2005, p. 3). IT infrastructure not only enables efficient use of resources within the hospitality industry but also offers customers ease of use. This paper reviews the research paper ‘Analysis of Hoteliers' E-Commerce and Information Technology Applications: Business Travelers' Perceptions and Needs’ by Yeh et al. (2005), from the perspective of a Front Office Manager in a hotel. The paper draws experience of the Front Office Manager to fill the gaps in the research. The paper also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of IT infrastructure in the hospitality industry. The essay finally concludes as to whether IT investment in hospitality industry is a boon or bane. | | |
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| | Role of IT in supply chain management | | | In this study the use of IT for Supply chain management purposes was studied by dividing the use of IT into three categories, 1) transaction processing, 2) supply chain planning and collaboration, and 3) order tracking and delivery coordination. Further, the drivers behind these different IT use types were examined. Based on the empirical data collected for this study, the three IT use categories proposed represent well the roles that IT plays in SCM. In addition to clarifying this widely discussed topic, the categorization provides a basis for further research on the use of IT in SCM. | | |
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| | Short article on Types & level of user generated content (UGC) | | | There are several ways on the basis of which the types of UGC can be categorized. One of the simplest way is to categorize them as online and offline. People often think that User Generated Content is just an online phenomenon, however it is not true. UGC has been in existence since very long even when internet was not discovered. The interaction of professional media producers and their readers, listeners and viewers has a longstanding tradition | | |
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| | Strategic analysis of a contemporary business leader – William Henry Gates, Cofounder of Microsoft | | | William Henry Gates III is the Microsoft Cofounder, a famous philanthropist and also a renowned businessman. He laid the foundation of Microsoft and is better known as the architect of this successful company. It’s because of his dynamic leadership skills and management strategies, he has been able to establish the company in more than 85 countries with a maximum reach of 55, 000 employees, all over the world. In spite of several challenges and competitions thriving in the world market, Gates remains to be one of the richest men in the world, has used his leadership skills and visions to the best possible dimensions and has proved to be the greatest entrepreneur of the world. Lowe (1998) in his book “Bill Gates Speaks: Insight from the World’s greatest Entrepreneur” writes that his pioneering work in the field of computers has altered the lives of people who use it, forever. He also calls Gates as an innovator, full time genius and also a part time salesman.
Taking into consideration the statement “Leaders create vision, the meaning within which others work and live. Managers, by contrast, act completely within a vision” by Adler Nancy from International Dimensions of Organisational Behaviour, it reflects that the vision of the leaders is different, nascent, innovative and also appealing. They take the road less travelled and have their own followers. Though, as managers, the individuals are much more into managing the entire process through which the ideas have been generated by the leaders and account to the fact that these ideas are followed through flawless execution. Gold (2006), in his book “Entrepreneurs notebook” reveals how challenging and very gratifying the entire journey of being a leader is. A leader needs to be convincing, confident and very principled, knowing the tricks in the trade.
A person who has the right sense of thought process, idea generation and can make people believe in him can actually manage to stay in this business field. There are millions of others who will take inspiration from him. On the other hand, the managers prove to be methodological and more flawless in terms of the management aspect of the entire vocation they are employed and involved into. Though, it does not, by any means, compare the mental or intellectual appeal of both of them. But the fact remains to be true, that its comparatively easier to be a manager, a profession which can be learnt with time and pace, rather than being a leader because it is in built and cannot be influenced by the external surrounding, until and unless the leadership trait is there in them, from birth For example, Bill Gates, declined the mandatory and customary trends which the mere graduates followed in Harvard but rather he gave more interest and time to polish his skills in programming and building his own empire, his own establishment, which could not be compared or defeated by any other. Geist (2000) in his book “Monopolies in America” States clearly the kind of enemies and empire building tactics which the prominent leaders from the time of Jay Gould to Bill Gates have used, for their own success and progress in the world of cut throat competition.
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| | The report analysing the implementation of components such as project communication, project management information system, project integration and project life cycle using a real life example of Infosys and ACIC project | | | Project communication, human resources planning, project management information system is all project components that contribute to the success of a project implementation. It is not sufficient if the project plan just included technicalities of execution and budgeting but it becomes important to bring together all the components of a project plan in a cohesive way. This calls for project integration. Project integration management is a group of processes that are required to effectively link various components of the project together. The various components of the projects could be developing project charter, developing initial scope of the project, developing project management plan, project execution, project control, change control etc. The report aims at understanding all these components of project by analyzing a commercial project management plan. The report tries to analyze the implementation of components such as project communication, project management information system, project integration and project life cycle of the sample project plan. The paper also tries to compare theoretical aspects of the above said project components with respect to the actual methods used in the project plan and tries to identify as to why certain components are omitted or included. Not all the project management plans require all the project components. The choice of the inclusion of project components varies depending upon the nature, duration and impact of the execution of the project on the organization. Another factor that determines as to whether or not all the components of a project plan are included or not is the complexity and hence the cost of the project. More the complexity of the project greater is the need for inclusion of all the available components of the project. The project under study is a web based application for an investment and real estate company to manage user accounts. The project was awarded to an Indian multinational company. The report finds the project plan developed by the Indian company Infosys for the development of a software application for an American company ACIC scoring well in the aspects of human resource planning, stakeholder communication plan, project integration and change plans. However, the report finds the need to ensure effective project monitoring by incorporating Project Management Information System or PMIS. The report recommends Infosys to incorporate Project Management Information System in its future projects. | | |
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